The Effects of Replacement of Dietary Fiber with FiberCreme^™ on Lowering Serum Glucose and Improvement of Lipid Profile in Hypercholesterolemia-Diabetic Rats and Its Mechanism

Yustinus Marsono, Rhaesfaty Galih Putri and Elizabeth Desy Arianti

Background and Objectives: Dietary fiber is an important component in the diet and has important effects on health, such as reducing plasma glucose and cholesterol levels. FiberCreme^™ is a commercial nondairy creamer that uses a variety of oligosaccharides as a source of fiber to replace the glucose component of conventional creamer combined with healthy oils as a palatable functional ingredient .The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the replacement of dietary fiber with FiberCreme^™ on lowering glucose and improvement of the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemia-diabetic rats. The possible mechanism of lowering cholesterol and glucose level was also studied in vitro. Materials and Methods: The diets used included a standard diet and a FiberCreme^™ diet. Standard diets were fed to the rats in the control-healthy (CH), control-diabetic (CD) and metformin (METF) groups. FiberCreme^™ diets were given to rats in the FC50, FC100 and FC150 groups. Results: The results showed that the FC100 diet decreased glucose by 56%, which is similar to the decrease seen with metformin (59%). The FC100 diet also reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides by 84.2 mg dL^–1 (46%), 31.69 mg dL^–1 (43%), 18.9 mg dL^–1 (15%), respectively and increased the HDL level from 24.1-50.2 mg dL^–1 (108%). Conclusion: The in vitro study indicated that one of the mechanisms of lowering glucose was through the inhibition of glucose absorption in the small intestine and the mechanism of lowering cholesterol was through bile acid binding to the FiberCreme^™.

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