Prevalence and Resistance Profile of Enteric Bacteria Isolated in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients at Laquintinie Hospital of Douala: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ballue Tatiefo Dadjo, Michael Kengne, Ornella Tsobeng, Armelle Mbaveng and Victor Kuete

Background and Objective: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major increasing problem globally and causes mortality and morbidity in the general population. Patients with CKD have a high level of uremic toxin, which exposes them to gastrointestinal complications. This study aims to determine the frequency of gastrointestinal infections and the resistance profile of enteric bacteria isolates in chronic kidney disease patients at the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala (Cameroon). Materials and Methods: Stool samples from 142 patients with chronic kidney diseases and 215 patients without chronic kidney diseases, all suffering from gastrointestinal troubles, were collected to isolate pathogenic intestinal bacteria using selective and differential culture media. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis to measure the frequencies of pathogen isolates, the rate of antibiotic resistance and the frequencies of multidrug-resistant isolates obtained from patients. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The frequency of gastrointestinal infections in the population study was 77.95% (n = 357), divided into 60.22% (n = 215) for patients without chronic kidney disease and 39.78% (n = 142) for patients with chronic kidney disease. All isolates (100%) of Enterobacter cloacae, Shigella spp., Yersinia pestis and Citrobacter freundii in patients with chronic kidney disease were resistant to the usual antibiotics. Multidrug-resistant bacteria of Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella spp. and Yersinia pestis were found more frequently (72.73, 66.67, 71.43, 83.33 and 88.89%, respectively) in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to patients without chronic kidney disease (27.27, 33.33, 28.57, 16.67 and 11.11%, respectively). Conclusion: These results underlined the necessity to prevent and manage gastrointestinal complications (symptoms and infections) in chronic kidney disease patients at Laquintinie Hospital of Douala.

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