Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) Agonist Versus Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Preliminary Study

Yuanbo Wei, Huihui Ma and Tianshuai Wei

Background and Objective: Several selective glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) but their dosing is limited by gastrointestinal adverse effects. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are approved by the USFDA for clinical use along with diet and exercise in elderly T2DM patients. The present study compared the efficacy and safety of Dulaglutide (Dula) versus Dapagliflozin in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: Chinese T2DM patients with an age of at least 18 years with a history of poorly controlled blood glucose levels were enrolled. Subjects who met the suitability conditions were randomized to receive (1:1:1) either Dula (0.75 mg, weekly once, given subcutaneously, n = 100) or Dula (1.5 mg, weekly once, given subcutaneously, n = 100) or Dapagliflozin (10 mg daily, n = 100). Each enrolled patient was carefully monitored and followed up for 26 weeks. Results: Dula 1.5 mg had the greatest reduction in HbA1c (%) as compared to Dula 0.75 mg and Dapagliflozin. A similar trend of reduction was observed while comparing the reduction that occurred in Dapagliflozin-treated patients. Dula 0.75 mg reported a greater decrease in HbA1c levels from baseline. Dula 1.5 mg reported a greater decrease in HbA1c levels than Dapagliflozin. The incidence of gastrointestinal-related events more in Dula compared to Dapagliflozin, however, there were no serious gastrointestinal-related adverse events that led to discontinuation of Dula. Conclusion: Dula and Dapagliflozin were found effective in the management of diabetes. Glycemic control was higher in patients who received Dula, especially 1.5 mg compared to Dapagliflozin.

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