Effect of Genistein on E-Cadherin as Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer

Jiu Long Li, Kuai Yu, Dingchuan Chen, Junwu Zhu, Jiasi Wang and Wenhui Huan

Background and Objective: The prevalence of lung cancer is significant enough in recent times and the research is not able to provide availability of treatment for a late-stage cancer patient to increase the survival time and rate. Among many established markers, E-cadherin (involved in cell-cell interactions) has a crucial role to play in subsiding tumour growth and its malignancy. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the effects of Genistein on cell viability on lung cancer cell lines and its expression patterns on E-cadherin and EGFR. Materials and Methods: Lung cancer cell lines were grown and assayed for cell viability for Genistein compared with Cisplatin. The protein samples were further extracted with radio-immunoprecipitation assay and carried forward for western and northern blotting. Furthermore, the effect of Genistein as apoptotic cell death-inducing activity was analyzed using a flow cytometer and estimated with Caspase 3 expression. Results: In the presence of Genistein, cell lines A549, NCI-H820, NCI-H838, NCI-H1155, HCC4006 and H322 showed cell viability less than 40%, at varying concentrations. Genistein at concentration 0.1 μM showed cell viability less than 20% in cell lines NCI-H820, NCI-H838, NCI-H1155, HCC4006 and H322. Further western blot showed the expression of E-cadherin in all cell lines signifying them as biomarkers in NSCLC treatment. Results from flow cytometry also supported the significant effects of Genistein on NSCLC cell lines. Conclusion: The study proposes E-cadherin could be a biomarker for diagnosis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Genistein remediated up-regulation of E-cadherin could prove to be a novel outcome for the treatment of cancer and prevent malignancy.

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