Effects of Spraying Gibberellic Acid Doses on Growth, Yield and Oil Content in Black Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Le Vinh Thuc, Jun-Ichi Sakagami, Nguyen Quoc Khuong, Susan Orgill, Tran Ngoc Huu, Nguyen Thi Thu Lang and Pham Phuoc Nhan

Background and Objective: Gibberellic acid promotes the growth and elongation of plant cells, making it an important plant growth regulator. The objective of this field experiment was to determine the optimal quantity of gibberellic acid (GA₃) to increase seed yield and oil content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), as well as improve nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake. Materials and Methods: The replicated pot experiment included foliar application of GA₃ at six rates; control (0), 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 ppm. Application of GA₃ at 100 ppm at 25 and 35 days after sowing increased overall plant growth indicators, including plant height, number of leaves and biomass of sesame. Results: At 100 ppm GA₃, there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in leaf concentration of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as stoma conductance. Gibberellic acid significantly (p<0.05) increased the number of flowers per plant thereby increasing the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod and weight of seeds per plant. Foliar application of GA₃ at 100 ppm increased sesame yield by 1.4 times with compared to the control and significantly (p<0.05) oil content in sesame seeds (13.4%). Conclusion: Spraying 100 ppm GA₃ helps sesame plant to produce more the number of seeds per pod and seed weight per plant. Spraying GA₃ at a proper concentration increased sesame yield and oil content.

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